Resources
Statistics
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities suicide data summary 2023
Suicide Statistics Infographic 2023
Suicide Statistics Infographic 2022
Rate of suicide in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people across Australia in 2022
Suicide as the leading cause of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in 2022
Suicide Statistics Infographic 2021
Australian Bureau of Statistics statistics released 27 September 2023
2022—Leading causes of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
2022—Intentional self-harm deaths (suicide) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Australian Bureau of Statistics statistics released 29 September 2021
- 2020 – Leading causes of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
- 2020 – Intentional self-harm deaths (suicide) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Australian Bureau of Statistics statistics released 23 October 2020
- 2019 – Leading causes of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
- 2019 – Intentional self-harm deaths (suicide) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Australian Bureau of Statistics statistics released 25 September 2019
Intentional self-harm (suicide) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people by States and Territories
In 2022, suicide accounted for 4.7% (239/5082) of all deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. For comparison, suicide accounted for 1.62% (3010/185,857) of all deaths of non-Indigenous people.
The table below presents the suicide death number and age-standardised death rate (SDR; number of deaths per 100,000 people) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people by states or territories for the years from 2013 to 2017, and from 2018 to 2022 (inclusive). SDR is presented for more representative comparison of death rate across the different states and jurisdiction with different age-distribution structure.
Note that data for Victoria, Tasmania, and ACT are not provided in the table, as in accordance with the national reporting guidelines. Please refer to the Australian Bureau of Statistics for detailed information.
2013 – 2017 | 2018 – 2022 | |||
Number | Rate | Number | Rate | |
New South Wales | 173 | 15.7 | 276 | 22.8 |
Queensland | 249 | 24.4 | 322 | 28.1 |
South Australia | 44 | 24.6 | 51 | 23.9 |
Western Australia | 195 | 38.0 | 198 | 38.1 |
Northern Territory | 105 | 25.6 | 130 | 31.6 |
Total | 766 | 23.4 | 977 | 27.6 |
In 2021, 196 suicide deaths were recorded for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, reaching a death rate of 27.1. In 2022, 212 suicide deaths were recorded, reaching a death rate of 29.9. This is an increase in death rates. Suicide remains the fifth leading cause of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
All states experienced an increase in suicide rate, except South Australia experienced a decrease of suicide rate. Western Australia experienced the highest suicide rates across the past 10 years.
In 2022, 160 male suicides (with a median age of 34.1) were recorded, reaching a rate of 46.3. Suicide was the second leading cause of death. There were 52 female suicides (with a median age of 31.0) recorded, reaching a rate of 14.0. Suicide was the 10th leading cause.
For the non-Indigenous population, 1622 male suicides (with a median age of 47.5) were recorded, reaching a rate of 18.1. Suicide was the 11th leading cause of death. There were 495 female suicides (with a median age of 45.3) recorded, reaching a rate of 5.5. Suicide was the 28th leading cause of death.
Leading causes of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (released in 2023)
The information below excluded data of Victoria, Tasmania, and ACT, in accordance with the national reporting guidelines. Please refer to the Australian Bureau of Statistics for detailed information.
In 2022 a total of 4587 deaths were recorded for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. 2467 were male, and 2120 were female.
The ten leading causes of death are listed in the following:
- Ischaemic heart diseases
- Diabetes
- Chronic lower respiratory diseases
- Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung
- Intentional self-harm (i.e., suicide)
- Cerebrovascular diseases
- Dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease
- Symptoms, signs and all ill-defined conditions
- COVID-19
- Cirrhosis and other diseases of liver
Leading causes of death in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (Released 2020)
The leading causes of death were heart disease, lower respiratory diseases, diabetes, malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung and intentional self harm/suicide. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people can expect to die about 8 years earlier than non-Indigenous people.
There were 3,435 deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in 2019 (1,885 males and 1,550 females) compared to 169,301 for non-Indigenous people (88,346 males and 80,955 females).
The median age for an Indigenous person at death was 60.9 years of age, increasing from 57.1 years ten years ago. The median age for non-Indigenous people was 81.7 years in 2019, compared with 80.7 ten years ago.
The standardised death rate in 2019 was 936.7 deaths per 100,000 persons compared to 510 deaths per 100,000 for non-Indigenous people. Over the ten years from 2010 – 2019 the standardised death rate was consistently higher for males than females and it remained relatively stable. Rates have fluctuated for both males and females over the past decade, but there has been little change overall.
Suicide deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and young people
2018-2022
Children was defined as being between the ages of 5 to 17.
During 2018 to 2022, suicide was the leading cause of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Suicide accounted for 27.2% deaths of this population. In which, 75.3% of the deaths were between the ages of 15 to 17.
The suicide rate was approximately 3.3 times higher for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children compared to non-Indigenous children (Note: for this piece of information, data for Victoria, Tasmania, and ACT were excluded in accordance with the national reporting guidelines. Please refer to Australian Bureau of Statistics for detailed information).
2015-2019
Suicide is the leading cause of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous children 5 – 17 years between 2015 – 2019. Suicide accounts for one-third (32.4%) of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child deaths. In 2019 the suicide rates for young people 15 – 19 years is around four times the rate of non-Indigenous people.
2014-2018
For the purposes of the following analysis, children are defined as those between 5 and 17 years of age. In 2018, suicide remaining the leading cause of death for both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous children, accounting for more than a quarter (26.5%) of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child deaths. Children aged 15 to 17 accounted for 69.2% of all child suicides, while females accounted for more than half (61.5%) of child suicide deaths.
Over the five years from 2014 to 2018, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children accounted for close to a quarter of all child suicide deaths (85 of 357 deaths, 23.8%). The age-specific death rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child suicide was 8.3 deaths per 100,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, compared to 2.1 per 100,000 for non-Indigenous children.
2013-2017
For the purposes of the following analysis, children and young people are defined as those aged between 5 and 17 years of age. In 2017, suicide remained the leading cause of death for both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous children and young people, accounting for 40% of all Indigenous child deaths. Those aged 15-17 contributed to 94.4% of all suicide deaths in young Indigenous people. When considering gender differences, 91.6% of Indigenous male youth suicides were aged 15-17. There were no female Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander suicide deaths under the age of 15 in 2017.
Over the 5 years from 2013 to 2017, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and young people accounted for more than a quarter of all suicide deaths in this age group (93 of 358 deaths, 26.0%). The age-specific death rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and young people was 10.1 deaths per 100,000 persons, compared to 2.0 per 100,000 for non-Indigenous persons.
Data
This section encompasses data relating to Indigenous people in Australia and internationally. These include survey, longitudinal, and other data types. For each data presented, we have provided the weblink to the source. Included are three data sources from Australia ─ the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), and The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC).
The AIHW develops, collects, analyses, and reports information on a broad range of health and welfare issues in Australia.
Specifically, AIHW holds valuable data on diverse health and welfare topics that impact Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, including expenditure, hospitals, disease, injury, mental health, ageing, homelessness, housing, disability, child protection, and the needs of AIHW.
Recently, the AIHW released self-harm and suicide monitoring data, which contain statistics on death by suicide, intentional self-harm, and suicidal behaviour among Australians including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
The ABS is a national statistical service that provides statistics and research on a wide range of topics relevant to both government and community decision-making and research. The ABS currently hold a significant repository of national health statistics, including data by region available to support health research activities.
Currently, ABS is conducting an Intergenerational Health and Mental Health Study (IHMHS). The IHMHS is the largest health survey program undertaken in Australia and will inform Australian health policy, service planning, and research over the coming decade.
The IHMHS will include 4 national studies:
- National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing
- National Health Study – including the National Health Survey and the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey
- National Nutrition and Physical Activity Study – including the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey and the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
- National Health Measures Study – including the National Health Measures Survey and the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Measures Survey.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander information will be released for all components except the National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing.
Details are available at the Intergenerational Health and Mental Health Study site.
The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC) provides an opportunity to follow the development of up to 1759 Indigenous children across Australia. LSIC conducts annual face-to-face interviews with children (at baseline in 2008) and their caregivers. This represents between 5% and 10% of the total population of Indigenous children in these age groups, including families of varied socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. Study topics include: the physical, social, and emotional well-being of children and their caregivers; language; culture; parenting; and early childhood education.
Fact Sheets
This fact sheet provides an overview of the suicide crisis for Indigenous people across the globe.
- Last updated: 2024
- , Sep
This factsheet introduces the work of Centre of Best Practice in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention.
This factsheet provides a summary of the effectiveness of the Cultural, Social and Emotional Wellbeing Program delivered in the Boronia Pre-Release Centre for Women in Western Australia.
- Last updated: 2023
- , Apr
This factsheet provides advice on supporting Aboriginal youth who engaged in self-harm
- Last updated: 2022
This factsheet provides advice on interacting with media outlet when sharing stories about suicide, for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
This Fact Sheet is based on key principles from the Guidelines for Best Practice Psychosocial Assessment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Presenting to Hospital with SelfHarm and Suicidal Thoughts Report (Leckning et al., 2019). These guidelines are designed to support healthcare professionals in providing culturally responsive psychosocial assessments for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults presenting to hospital with self-harm or suicidal thoughts by adopting a strength-based, holistic approach that honours the patient’s cultural and social context.
- Published: 2024
- , Oct
- Last updated: 2024
- , Oct
This factsheet was developed for Men’s Health Week. The factsheet describes the suicide crisis for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men and boys, and provides advice on identifying and supporting men and boys in need
- Last updated: 2024
- , Jun
This fact sheet follow-on gathering of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Workshop Group, who contributed to Coronial Responses to Suicides of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People, a 2023 CBPATSISP research project.
- Published: 2024
- , Sep
This factsheet provides a summary of the Webinar on Tackling Racism Against Indigenous People hosted by the Centre of Best Practice in Aboriginal and Torres Straits Suicide Prevention from the University of Western Australia and the Brain and Mind Centre from the University of Sydney. The factsheet addresses the different types of racism Indigenous people in Australia are experiencing, how racism impairs wellbeing, and what could be done to improve the situation.
- Last updated: 2024
- , Jun
This guide has been developed to support journalists to work in safe and respectful ways when sharing stories about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ experiences of suicide.
- Published: 2024
- , Oct
This factsheet addresses the development of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Evaluation Report (ATSISPEP), and how the report influenced policies
- Last updated: 2024
- , Jul
This fact sheet summarises key principles from the Guidelines for Best Practice Psychosocial Assessment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Presenting to Hospital with Self-Harm and Suicidal Thoughts (Leckning et al., 2019), with a focus on youth-specific considerations.
- Published: 2024
- , Nov
This factsheet describes the trend of suicide for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people for the past decades, what attributed to the crisis, and how we could improve the situation
- Last updated: 2023
- , Sep
This factsheet introduces a model that describes the different aspects constructing the social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
This factsheet describes the suicide crisis among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth, what attribute to the crisis, and how the situation could be improved
- Published: 2019
- Last updated: 2019
A series of fact sheets were produced for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Project (ATSISPEP) on a range of issues relating to suicide prevention. They are based on extensive research from the literature review and roundtable consultations conducted during 2014 and 2015.
This factsheet describes the Suicide Crisis among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, the attributes of the crisis, and how the crisis could be relieved.
- Last updated: 2015
This factsheet addresses the benefits of strength-based approach in suicide prevention
- Last updated: 2015
This factsheet addresses the Suicide Crisis among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth, and approaches to relieve the crisis.
- Last updated: 2015
This factsheet addresses how the social determinants of suicide could be targeted for suicide prevention
- Last updated: 2015
This factsheet addresses the Suicide Crisis in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, attributes to the crisis, and approaches to relieve the crisis
- Last updated: 2015
This factsheet addresses how racism impairs wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and what could be done and have been done to counteract the situation
- Last updated: 2015
Below are a range of fact sheets which are relevant to understanding the social and historical determinants associated with suicide prevention as well the issues for specific groups across the life course.
This fact sheet provides a summary of the findings of The Lancet Commission on Self-harm.
- Published: 2024
- , Dec
This factsheet provides recommendations and guides for conducting research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
- Last updated: 2023
This factsheet provides an overview of the issue of the overrepresentation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the Justice system.
- Last updated: 2022
This factsheet provides an overview of the “Dance of Life” model, which conceptualises the different aspects of wellbeing of life of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
- Last updated: 2022
This factsheet provides an overview of the Cultural, Social and Emotional Wellbeing Program, and the results of delivering the program to the communities.
- Last updated: 2021
This factsheet provides a summary of the findings of research project investigating the mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the time leading to the Referendum. This factsheet is designed for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mob.
- Last updated: 2023
This factsheet provides a summary of findings of a research project investigating the mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the time leading up to the Referendum. This factsheet was designed for non-Indigenous audiences, providing information on how one can support the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in this period.
- Last updated: 2023
This factsheet provides a summary of the findings of a research project investigating the mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the time leading up to the Referendum. This factsheet is designed for organisation bodies, providing recommendations on how organisation settings can provide support to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staff members
- Last updated: 2023
This factsheet provides a summary of the findings of a research project investigating the mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the time leading up to the Referendum. This factsheet is designed for service providers, emphasising that there might be an increase in need of services from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
- Last updated: 2023
This fact sheet provides a summary of the risk and protective factors of the wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth and children. The factsheet also introduces the Dance of Life model in conceptualising the different aspects of wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
This factsheet introduces the Strengthening our Spirits model, which provides guidelines on suicide prevention for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
This fact sheet addresses the basis of the Strengthening our Spirits model.
Policy Reports
Indigenous suicide prevention practice in Australia is underpinned by a number of key texts, developed as policy documents for governments, practice guides for service providers or commentaries by community leaders. This section introduces these texts.
Solutions that Work: What the Evidence and Our People Tell Us (2016)
Developed by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Evaluation Project (ATSISPEP, the forerunner to the CBPATSISP), Solutions that Work has been highly influential in informing Commonwealth and State and Territory Government policy development, including through the design of programs under the National Suicide Prevention Trial. For the first time, the report set out in detail how to ensure appropriate Indigenous governance, leadership and co-design for suicide prevention activities in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
Working Together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health and Wellbeing Principles and Practice (2010, updated 2014)
With chapters from leading researchers and clinicians, this book is a comprehensive practice guide that frames psychological and healing responses to distress and suicidality within their community, cultural and historical contexts.
The Elders’ Report into Preventing Indigenous Self-harm and Youth Suicide
The Elders’ Report is a powerful series of interviews with Indigenous community leaders Australia-wide, which presents their unfiltered perspectives on the causes of suicides in their communities and approaches to healing and suicide prevention. It also presents details of community-run suicide prevention programs.
WADAMBA WILAM PRACTICE APPROACH
This document details the practice and impact of Wadamba Wilam, one of many programs delivered by Neami National and funded by the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services.
What has been done so far?
As indicated in the document, the people with whom Wadamba Wilam works have been consistently failed by service systems, government programs and pervasive racism and stigma. For many people who have been in an endless cycle of homelessness and rough sleeping, psychiatric admissions, emergency department presentations and interactions with the justice system, Wadamba Wilam has been the turning point from which their lives begin to transform. Many people who have used Wadamba Wilam’s service experienced vastly improved physical and mental health, enjoy stable accommodation and have an overall increase in their social and emotional wellbeing.
Importantly, for consumers of the service between July 2016 June 2020, some of the outcomes achieved include:
- 81% of consumers are housed in sustainable 69% of consumers have sustained these tenancies for over 12 months.
- 61% decrease in the number of inpatient psychiatric admissions post-referral. The average yearly psychiatric admissions reduced from 1.5 per year per person, to 0.1 per year per person.
- 67% of consumers have experienced an increase in their meaningful activity, shifting from 73% of consumers engaging in survival activities only at service entry.
- 72% of consumers have reduced both their use of alcohol and ice. 67% of consumers have reduced their use of opioids
Additionally, Wadamba Wilam have supported consumers to:
- Attend to complex physical health needs and connect to trusted GPs and other specialists.
- Navigate the justice system and in many cases, avoid incarceration.
- Connect to family violence services.
- Strengthen connections to culture and family.
The Gayaa Dhuwi (Proud Spirit) Declaration (2015)
Developed by Indigenous leaders as an Australian companion to the international Wharerata Declaration, the Gayaa Dhuwi Declaration outlines an agenda for high-quality culturally responsive approaches to Indigenous mental health, social and emotional wellbeing and suicide prevention across the whole mental health system. The Declaration has been adopted within the Fifth National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan.
National Suicide Prevention Advisers Final Report (2020)
In July 2019, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced the commitment of the Australian Government to working ‘towards zero suicides’ and the appointment of the First National Suicide Prevention Adviser.
Over 18 months, the Adviser (Ms Christine Morgan) and the National Suicide Prevention Taskforce engaged with different levels of government and portfolios, organisations working in suicide prevention, researchers, leaders in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander suicide prevention, and community members.
In April 2021, National Suicide Prevention Adviser Christine Morgan submitted the Final Report which includes:
- a focus on system shifts to achieve a national whole-of-government approach to suicide prevention
- action areas to deliver a more connected, compassionate response that supports people in distress earlier.
Description:
The final advice is made up of 4 reports and an executive summary:
- The executive summary
- The compassion first report details insights from people who have a lived experience of suicide and suicide distress
- Connected and compassionate (final advice) report and recommendations
- Shifting the focus guide and decision making tool to support engagement of all government portfolios in suicide prevention
- Appendices to support the advice.
The report was informed by thorough consultation with:
- people with lived experience of suicide
- all Australian Government portfolios
- each state and territory government
- a broad range of stakeholders, including suicide prevention organisations, medical and allied health and mental health peak bodies, local governments, Primary Health Networks, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and members of the Adviser’s Expert Advisory Group.
Key focus of this report:
- The Final Advice report calls for a focus on prevention and early intervention with more integrated services.
- The report has identified four essential enablers to move to a new approach and four further priority shifts to engage with people to prevent suicide distress.
The four key enablers
- Leadership and governance to drive a whole of government approach
- Lived experience knowledge and leadership
- Data and evidence to drive outcomes
- Workforce and community capability
The four priority shifts
- Responding earlier to distress
- Connecting people to compassionate services and supports
- Targeting groups that are disproportionately affected by suicide
- Delivering policy responses to improve security and safety
Summary ─ National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Strategy
The report has separately included a summary on National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Strategy as an appendix.
The summary was prepared by Gayaa Dhuwi (Proud Spirit) Australia for inclusion in the Report. The report indicated that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) suicide prevention sits within the broader context of strengthening the social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) of Indigenous individuals, families, and communities. Therefore, the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Strategy and Plan (NATSISPSP) needs to be implemented simultaneously with:
- The National Strategic Framework for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ Mental Health and Social and Emotional Wellbeing 2017 – 2023, which is a strategic blueprint for strengthening SEWB in addition to transforming the mental health system to work effectively with Indigenous peoples.
- The 2020 National Agreement on Closing the Gap (NCTGA). This includes Outcome Area 14 focused on strengthening SEWB and Target 14, towards zero suicides.
- National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workforce Strategic Framework and Implementation Plan 2021-2031 (under development)
Pillars of the NATSISPSP included in summary are:
- Inclusion of Indigenous people with lived experience in the co-design, implementation, and evaluation of all Indigenous suicide prevention activity.
- Any suicide prevention strategy or initiative must be broadly inclusive of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and the recommendations contained within the NATSISPSP.
- Indigenous Governance and Community Leadership of Suicide Prevention Activity
- Strengthening Supports for Communities, Families and Young People;
- Focus on Priority Groups: Men, Women, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer, plus, Sistergirl and Brotherboy (LGBTIQ+SB) and Stolen Generations;
- Transforming Services and Workforces for Indigenous Suicide Prevention; and
- Indigenous Governance in Suicide Prevention Research, Data, and Evaluation.
National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Strategy (2013)
The first Indigenous-specific suicide prevention strategy focused on building resilience, strength and capacity at community, family and individual levels, and developing targeted and coordinated approaches to suicide prevention services. The Strategy is currently being renewed.
National Strategic Framework for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ Mental Health and Social and Emotional Wellbeing 2017-2023 (2017)
The Framework provides detailed principles and guidance for policy-makers to address Indigenous mental health, social and emotional wellbeing and suicide prevention.
More detail about government policies relating to Indigenous mental health, social and emotional wellbeing, and how these policies relate to each other, is presented in the Policy Concordance.
Suicide Prevention Policy Concordance
The Suicide Prevention Policy Concordance is aimed at Indigenous communities, mental health and health services, Primary Health Networks, policy-makers, researchers and advocates interested in Indigenous suicide prevention.
It aims to assist readers navigate the many policy documents that encompass Indigenous and mainstream suicide prevention and related areas at the Commonwealth, States and Territory and community levels. This includes Indigenous social and emotional wellbeing and relevant mental health-related policy documents.
Suicide Prevention Organisations & Resources
The CBPATSISP Resource Directory contains a broad range of resources developed and/or adapted by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. All the resources have been assessed and deemed as culturally appropriate by our researchers. Click on each heading to find appropriate resources for your organisation or community.
- ARBOR (Active Response Bereavement Outreach) – bereavement counselling and peer support
- ARBOR is a free service that offers short-medium term grief-counselling, practical/emotional support, appropriate referral support, volunteer lived-experience peer support and support groups to people who have been recently impacted by lost loved ones to suicide.
- Kids Helpline – When someone dies by suicide
- Mental Health Commission – When someone takes their own life – What next brochure 2019
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health First Aid
- Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST)
- Guidelines for Aboriginal Mental Health First Aids Training
- Lifeline present a Living Works safeTalk training program
- safeTALK: Suicide Alertness for Everyone
- Mental Health Association of Central Australia -Aboriginal Suicide Prevention -Suicide Story
- Wesley LifeForce Suicide Prevention Training for Indigenous community
The headspace Clinical Toolkit provides you with the information needed to recognise and treat common mental health issues in young people. It is organised into different Tools, each one containing information around one main topic.
Motivational care planning – Self management in Indigenous mental health Nagel T. (2006) This article discusses the development of self management skills
in mental health, with particular reference to the use of brief interventions in remote indigenous communities, and highlights qualitative findings of a recent study, which sought to integrate these interventions into a practical approach to treatment.
- eheadspace.org.au
- eheadspace provides free online and telephone support and counselling to young people 12 – 25 and their families and friends. If you’re based in Australia and going through a tough time, eheadspace can help.
- Beyond Blue
- Kids Helpline
- Lifeline
- Suicide Call Back Service
- Is a nationwide service providing 24/7 telephone and online counselling to people affected by suicide.
Language and Culture – Working Together Session
In May 2019 Empowered Communities brought together Aboriginal organisations and leaders from across the East Kimberley to talk about Language and
Culture. Together we;
• Shared stories and experiences to build a shared understanding of what Language and Culture means.
• Explored our hopes and aspirations for Language and Culture.
• Named what success would look like when Language and Culture are strong.
• Began to plan how we can track and measure progress.
Click here for the Powerpoint presentation or visit the Binarri-binyja yarrawoo website. The backbone organisation for the Empowered Communities reform agenda in the East Kimberley.
The Working Together book was written by recognised experts, practitioners and researchers in a range of disciplines within the mental health field and have presented a variety of perspectives related to the causes and possible solutions to many of the social and emotional and mental health issues experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
Dudgeon, P., Milroy, H., & Walker, R. (2014). Working Together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health and Wellbeing Principles and Practice (2nd edition). Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia
- Alive and Kicking Goals!
- This project (based in Broome) is a suicide prevention peer education project which takes an innovative approach to tackle the inadequate provision of mental health services to youth at risk in the Kimberley. It is a positively-framed project which aims to prevent self-harm and suicidal behaviours by enhancing protective factors.
- Be Deadly Online
- Is a series of resources including animation, poster and video campaigns for communities and schools created with input from Aboriginal communities across Australia. (Qld, Vic & WA)
- Beyond Blue – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
- A range of research, information, education and support strategies developed in consultation with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and organisations.
- #Chatsafe – A Young Person’s Guide for Communicating Safely Online About Suicide
- The #chatsafe guidelines have been developed in partnership with young people to provide support to those who might be responding to suicide-related content posted by others or for those who might want to share their own feelings and experiences with suicidal thoughts, feelings or behaviours.
- Headspace: Yarn Safe
- A website with information that may help you or somebody else, if you are going through a hard time. There’s no shame in talking it out.
- Headspace: Diversity in the work place is a beautiful thing – Nathan Bramston
- Nathan shares his story and video of working at Headspace helping to build cultural capacity.
- Head to Health –
- A website with resources for supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
- Heal Our Way Campaign
- Heal Our Way is a NSW Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Campaign funded by the NSW Ministry of Health under the Towards Zero Suicides (TZS) and is led by Cox Inall Ridgeway in partnership with Aboriginal Communities within NSW.
- For stakeholders, check out their stakeholders kit comprising of a various tools such as guides to running a strengths-based yarning circle.
- Do also check out their guide to safe conversations around asking someone about suicide.
- ibobbly-app
- iBobbly is the world’s first suicide prevention app designed for young Indigenous Australians that delivers therapy in a culturally relevant way.
- Keeping Strong
- A flyer about the ways to keep strong and find help and healing.
- Lifeline Toolkit
- A self-help resource to help people living with mental illness.
- Lighting the Dark – Preventing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide video
- A video produced by the Queensland and Aboriginal and Islander Health Council featuring NRL players.
- RUOK?
- The RUOK? ‘Stronger Together’ kit is a free resource containing videos, posters and a conversation guide.
- Waltja Tjutangku Palyapayi Aboriginal Corporation
- Waltja is a community based organisation that works with families from Central Desert indigenous communities to address major issues affecting their communities.
- Wesley Mission
- At Wesley Mission, we believe that every life matters. Through our suicide prevention programs, we aim to help those at risk of suicide find the assistance they need. We are a trusted leader in this field, having established Lifeline and suicide prevention program, Wesley LifeForce.
- #YouCanTalk
- #YouCanTalk is a national suicide prevention campaign, led by some of Australia’s mental health and suicide prevention organisations, which aims to empower and increase confidence when it comes to talking about suicide.
- Beyond Blue – Finding Our Way Back – Information for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples after a suicide attempt
- This resource provides practical information for you, your family and friends about what to do and what to expect if someone has attempted suicide.
- Healing Our Way After a Suicide Brochure
- This brochure was developed as a joint initiative of health organisations in Yarrabah, Qld.
- Mindframe – for Suicide Prevention and Mental Health sector
- The suicide prevention and mental health sector play an important role in safely communicating about suicide and mental ill-health to the Australian public.
- Postvention Australia is a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to supporting and helping people bereaved by suicide – those who are left behind after a suicide takes place. They provide information & support packs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who are bereaved by suicide or other sudden death. These packs have been produced by Urbis Keys Young in consultation with community and government stakeholders in each State and Territory, containing information on the process of loss and grief, how to talk to young people about suicide or sudden death, and services and resources available to people grieving. The information booklets have a section on Grieving the Aboriginal Way adapted from Westerman, Tracy & Feehann, Ashley, Grieving Aboriginal Way, Indigenous Psychological Services, 2001. Illustrated by Kye McGuire.
- Thirrili works with communities that have experienced suicide or are currently experiencing trauma as well as communities who have recognised that increased governance and community capacity building are important to strengthen postvention. Their Critical Response Support Advocates consider the throughcare plan and how this plan will assist the individuals’ physical and mental health, social and emotional wellbeing and the benefits to cultural, spiritual and community health. A key part of the plan is to help develop capacity and governance within the community. Follow-up contacts are made to ensure that the community and families are building resilience and are continuing to heal. This may involve an advocate attending the location (or using a local service provider) to assist with the grieving process, liaising with the family to arrange a funeral or other culturally-appropriate interactions. The advocate would also assist the family in dealing with perhaps physically-distant government agencies or financial institutions that are involved after a suicide.
The Suicide Prevention and Response resources produced by Be You provide clear, practical and reliable guidance and support to assist schools in suicide prevention and response. Be You is part of Beyond Blue.
It provides strategies for supporting students, staff, families and the broader community. The information can be used to:
- prepare your school community to be ready should a death by suicide occur
- guide your school on how to support a young person at risk of suicide
- guide your response to a death by suicide and the subsequent recovery for the school community.
Schools may have a ‘Be You’ consultant who can assist teachers and families to work through the required actions to prepare for, respond to or recover from issues related to youth suicide.
- Headspace in Schools
- Communicating effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
- Responding to Suicide Attempts in Secondary Schools – Headspace
- Suicide Prevention Toolkit – A Guide for Secondary Schools – Headspace
- This toolkit will assist teachers in a school that has been impacted by a recent suicide. Check if there is a Be You team that can be contacted directly to access support. While the Suicide Response Toolkit is written for the whole school community there are a series of Be You Fact Sheets that are specifically for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and young people.
Be You has produced a series of Fact Sheets to support staff working with Aboriginal and Islander children and young people and their families after a suicide. These include:
Remembering a young person: Memorials and important events
Grief: How Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people might respond to suicide
Suicide in schools: Information for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families
Suicide contagion for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people
Suicide response and postvention guidelines for schools
Educational resources for teachers, students and schools
Many wonderful organisations provide quality educational resources that can be used to learn about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures. Click here for a collection of websites and resources not only valuable for teachers, students and schools, but also all Australians looking to better understand and celebrate Australia’s First Peoples and rich Indigenous history.
Working with young people – This guide aims to support workers and agencies working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people who use alcohol and other drugs.
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Plan 2013 – 2023
- Balit Murrup: Aboriginal Social Emotional Wellbeing Framework 2017-2027 – Victorian State Government
- Charter 2020: Principles for Mental Health Reform
- National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Suicide Prevention Strategy
- National Integration Strategy for Closing the Gap in Indigenous Disadvantage 2009
- Queensland Suicide Prevention Plan Every life 2019–2029
- AIMhi Stay Strong app
- The AIMhi Stay Strong App is an innovative tool that addresses the mental health and wellbeing concerns of First Nations Australians using a cross-cultural approach. It is designed to promote wellbeing by reviewing strengths, worries and the goals or changes people would like to make in their lives.
- The eMHPrac Resource Guide for Practitioners provides a useful overview of various Australian online and teleweb programs. All listed programs have been developed by credible sources, such as the Australian Government, universities, and national non-government organisations. This includes apps, online programs, online forums, and phone services, as well as a range of digital information resources. It includes A Brief Guide: Digital Mental Health Resources for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders
- HeadtoHealth
- If you’re trying to improve your own mental health, or support somebody else with mental health issues, Head to Health provides links to trusted Australian online and phone supports, resources and treatment options. It also features Samthebot who is an online robot designed to answer relevant queries.
- headspace.org.au – Got a lot going on?
- Hitnet Community Hubs
- Hitnet brings information and services to the hardest to reach people in the world.
- Working for Spirit, Mind and Soul – DVD
- Indigenous Community Videos – Working for Spirit, Mind and Soul – DVD
- Kids Helpline
- ‘Life Giving Music and Dance’ DVD
- This video was driven by key figures in the communities of Galiwin’ku and Milingimbi, telling the story in Djambarrpuynu of how music, dancing and singing can improve your mental health, showing the significance of music and dance for Yolgnu people as the vital ingredients that provide the identity and resilience necessary for community members to maintain good mental Health. Produced for NT Medicare Local in 2013.
- Lived Experience Perspectives
- IASP Congress 2021 – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Lived Experience Perspectives. This video was produced by the National Mental Health Commission and Black Dog Institute.
- Love and Hope Video
- PSY [Preventing Suicide in Youth] Facebook Group
- This group is for peer support and is not a professional counselling service.
- Proppa Deadly
- Proppa Deadly is an initiative by Beyond Blue on which includes a number Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people sharing their stories and encouraging others to take action to address depression and anxiety. This is achieved via the First Nations community radio at sixteen radio stations in metropolitan, regional and remote areas of Australia.
- SANE Online Forums
- SANE offer services to help support all Australians affected by complex mental health issues.
- Yarn Safe Website
- Got a lot going on? When we’ve got a lot going on we can feel sad, tired, stressed and angry. Everybody has these feelings when life is tough, but when these feelings go on for a long time it can weaken our body, mind and spirit. If you feel like there is too much happening, clearing your head can help. Below is some information that may help you or somebody else, when going through a hard time. There’s no shame in talking it out.
headspace is your space to yarn safe.
- Got a lot going on? When we’ve got a lot going on we can feel sad, tired, stressed and angry. Everybody has these feelings when life is tough, but when these feelings go on for a long time it can weaken our body, mind and spirit. If you feel like there is too much happening, clearing your head can help. Below is some information that may help you or somebody else, when going through a hard time. There’s no shame in talking it out.
- Young Proud and Strong
- The Young, Strong and Proud project works with young people in discrete Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Queensland with the aim of developing a series of communication resources aimed at alcohol use, tobacco use, and inhalant use reduction.
An educational resource develop by Yamatji-Nyoongar man Kevin Taylor to explain what is Social and Emotional Wellbeing (SEWB) for Aboriginal peoples and what can impact a person’s Social and Emotional Wellbeing.
There are many sources of information and statistics about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s health and social issues.
Aboriginal Interpreting Western Australia – the only Indigenous language interpreting service in Western Australia.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare – An overview of the Health & Welfare of Australia’s Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander people.
Australian Institute of Family Studies – Reports prepared for the Closing the Gap Clearinghouse 2009 -2014.
Black Dog Institute – Clinical Resources – Facts about Suicide in Australia 2018
CRESP: Centre of Research Excellence in Suicide Prevention – aims to generate new research to increase the knowledge of effective prevention and treatment in suicide prevention. The Centre has four research streams focusing on improving delivery of interventions, better knowledge of causes and risks, increasing help-seeking, and better prioritising of funds.
Early,Trauma, Grief at Australian National University – Fact Sheet No. 16 – Suicide Prevention in Indigenous Communities 2007
Justice Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne – The Justice Health Unit seeks to generate world-class evidence regarding the health and health service experiences of justice-involved populations, and to advocate for evidence-informed policy to improve their health outcomes.
Life In Mind Australia – is a resource for suicide prevention in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and people looking for information about suicide.
Menzies School of Health Research – Menzies School of Health Research is Australia’s only medical research institute whose major focus is improving Indigenous health and wellbeing.
Productivity Commission – Overcoming Indigenous Disadvantage, Key Indicators 2016
Social and Emotional Wellbeing and Mental Health Services in Aboriginal Australia – This website is designed for those seeking to learn about ways of meeting the social and emotional wellbeing and mental health needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and communities.
Suicide Prevention Australia – National peak body for the suicide prevention sector. This organisation supports, collaborates and advocates for the meaningful reduction of suicide in Australia.
Yorgum – Aboriginal Corporation offering services to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
- AIMhi Stay Strong IPad app
- AIMhi Yarning resources
- Australian Indigenous Psychologists Association – Cultural Competency Training
- National guide to a preventive health assessment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people – Second edition
- Menzies School of Health Research – Mental health clinical audit and protocol
- SNAICC – National Voice for our Children – Training Programs in Cultural Competence
- Youth Health Clinical Audit Tool 2014